How the take-home pay calculator works
Your take-home pay is your gross salary minus four things: income tax, National Insurance, any workplace pension you pay, and student loan repayments. The calculator works each one out for the whole tax year, then divides by 12 for a monthly figure and by 52 for a weekly one.
- Personal Allowance. The first £12,570 of income is tax-free for most people. Over £100,000 the allowance falls by £1 for every £2 of extra income, so it is gone completely at £125,140 – which is why pay between those two figures is taxed at an effective 60%.
- Income tax bands. In England, Wales and Northern Ireland, income above the allowance is taxed at 20% (basic rate), 40% (higher rate, from £50,271) and 45% (additional rate, over £125,140). Scotland has six bands, from a 19% starter rate to a 48% top rate – choose “Scotland” if you live there.
- National Insurance. Employees pay Class 1 NI of 8% on earnings between £12,570 and £50,270 a year and 2% above that. NI is the same in every part of the UK.
- Pension. What a pension saves you depends on how it is taken. Salary sacrifice lowers the pay that both tax and NI are worked out on. A net pay arrangement lowers tax but not NI. With relief at source you pay 80% of the contribution out of your take-home pay and the provider claims the other 20% from HMRC (higher-rate taxpayers can claim more back through Self Assessment).
- Student loan. You repay 9% of income above your plan's threshold (6% above £21,000 for a Postgraduate Loan). You can repay an undergraduate plan and a Postgraduate Loan at the same time.
Worked example: £30,000 salary in England
Salary £30,000, England, no pension, no student loan:
- Taxable income: £30,000 − £12,570 = £17,430. Income tax at 20% = £3,486.
- National Insurance: (£30,000 − £12,570) × 8% = £1,394.40.
- Take-home pay: £30,000 − £3,486 − £1,394.40 = £25,119.60 a year, about £2,093.30 a month.
Why your payslip may be a little different
Payroll works tax and NI out each pay period, not once for the year. Bonuses, overtime, a tax code other than 1257L (for example because of benefits in kind, tax owed from an earlier year or a second job), or a pay rise part-way through the year all change the numbers. Use the calculator to plan and to compare job offers, and check your payslip and your personal tax account on GOV.UK for the exact figures.
Scotland or the rest of the UK?
Which bands apply depends on where your main home is, not where your employer is. If you live in Scotland you pay Scottish income tax and your tax code starts with S. National Insurance is the same everywhere.